SharePoint 2013
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Summary: Use a result source in SharePoint Server 2013 to specify a provider to
get search results from, and optionally to narrow a search to a subset of those
results.
Betrifft: SharePoint Server 2013
This article provides a brief overview of result sources in SharePoint
Server 2013. In this article:
What is a
result source?
When a user issues a query, the search system associates the query with
a result source to provide search
results. The result source is a definition that specifies each of the
following:
·
A search provider or source URL to get search results from — for
example, the search index of the local SharePoint Search service
·
A protocol to use to get search results — for example, the OpenSearch
protocol
·
A query transform, which can narrow results from the given search
provider or URL to a specified subset — for example, a subset that has a
particular content type
A result source can also specify other settings, such as an
authentication method to use when requesting results from a provider.
An example of a pre-configured result source is "Local Video
Results". This result source specifies the local SharePoint search index
as the provider and "Local SharePoint" as the protocol, and it has a
query transform that specifies that it will return only files that have file
extensions that correspond to videos, such as MP4. The "Local Video
Results" result source is used by the Videos search experience, or search
vertical, on the default enterprise Search Center results page.
The following screen shot shows the four search experiences that are
available on a default enterprise Search Center results page. The user can
choose one of these search experiences before submitting a query from the
search box.
The following table shows the result sources that are used by the four
search experiences that are available on a default enterprise Search Center
results page. Each search experience uses a different result source.
Search experiences
and corresponding result sources
This search
experience
|
Uses this
preconfigured result source
|
Everything
|
Local SharePoint Results
|
People
|
Local People Results
|
Conversations
|
Conversations
|
Videos
|
Local Video Results
|
Available
result sources
SharePoint Server 2013 provides 16 pre-configured result sources, which
are available in all sites and site collections in web applications that
consume a Search service application. The pre-configured result sources are
shown in the following table. You can view details about result sources from
the Manage Result Sources page.
Pre-configured
result sources
This result
source
|
Specifies these
items in the local SharePoint index
|
Conversations
|
Discussions in microblogs, newsfeed posts, and community sites
|
Documents
|
Microsoft Office documents and PDF documents
|
Items matching a content type
|
Items that match a content type that the incoming query specifies
|
Items matching a tag
|
Documents or list items that match a managed metadata term that the
incoming query specifies
|
Items related to current user
|
Documents or list items that are related to the user in a way that the
query template specifies
|
Local People Results
|
People items from the profile database of the User Profile service
application
|
Local Reports and Data Results
|
Excel, Office Data Connection (ODC), or Report Definition Language
(RDL) items, or items in a report library
|
Local SharePoint Results
|
All items from the local SharePoint search index except People items
|
Local Video Results
|
Videos
|
Pages
|
SharePoint web pages
|
Pictures
|
Photos and images
|
Popular
|
Documents and list items sorted by view count
|
Recently changed items
|
Documents and list items sorted by Modified date
|
Recommendations
|
Documents and list items that you recommend for the incoming query
|
Wiki
|
SharePoint wiki pages
|
From the Manage Result Sources page, you can create other result sources
in either of the following two ways:
·
You can click New Result Source. For more
information, see Konfigurieren der Ergebnisquellen
für die Suche in SharePoint Server 2013.
·
You can point to the arrow next to an existing result source, click Copy, and then modify the copy as necessary and save it with a new name.
Result source
protocols and URLs
A result source specifies one of four protocols to use to get search
results, as shown in the following table.
Result source
protocols
A result source
that specifies this protocol
|
Gets search
results from this search provider
|
Local SharePoint
|
The search index of the local Search service
|
Remote SharePoint
|
The search index of a Search service hosted in another farm
|
OpenSearch 1.0/1.1
|
An external search provider (such as a remote search engine or feed)
that uses the OpenSearch protocol to provide search results
|
Exchange
|
Exchange Web Services
|
A result source that uses a protocol other than "Local
SharePoint" must also specify a URL from which to get search results, as
shown in the following table.
Result source URLs
A result source
that uses this protocol
|
Must specify this
URL
|
Remote SharePoint
|
The address of the root site collection of the remote SharePoint farm
|
OpenSearch 1.0/1.1
|
The URL of the RSS feed of a search provider that uses the OpenSearch
protocol
|
Exchange
|
An Exchange Web Services URL
|
Who can
create result sources?
Result sources can be created at the Search service application level,
site collection level, or site level. This enables Search service application
administrators, site collection administrators, and site owners to create and
use result sources to meet their specific requirements for providing search
results to users. When you create a result source at the Search service
application level, for example, the result source is available to any query
rule that is created at the same level, and also to any query rule that is
created for a site collection or site that is in a web application that
consumes that Search service application. For information about levels and
permissions for result sources, see Erstellen einer Ergebnisquelle in Konfigurieren der
Ergebnisquellen für die Suche in SharePoint Server 2013.
Specifying a
result source to use for a query
A query is initially associated with a result source according to the
search experience in which the user performs the query. For example, if a user
clicks People below a search box
(see the screen shot earlier in this article) to specify the People search
experience, the query uses the "Local People Results" result source.
A Search Box Web Part is always associated with a particular Search
Results Web Part. When a user types a query in a search box, the Search Box Web
Part sends the query to the associated Search Results Web Part. That Search
Results Web Part specifies the result source for the query; by default, this
result source is "Local SharePoint Results". You can set a different
result source as the default. You can also edit any Search Results Web Part to
specify a different result source for it to use. For example, you might add a
new search experience called "Reports", and create a search results
page for displaying search results for that search experience. You could then edit
the default Search Results Web Part that is on the new Reports results page to
specify an appropriate result source for that search experience. An example of
such a result source would be a SharePoint site that contains content types
that correspond to reports. For more information, see the following resources:
·
Festlegen einer Ergebnisquelle
als Standard in Konfigurieren der
Ergebnisquellen für die Suche in SharePoint Server 2013
You can configure the search system so that a query becomes associated
with an additional or a different result source under certain conditions. One
way to do this is to create a query rule that displays search results from
another result source if a query is more frequently performed in that result
source than in the one that the user performed it on. For example, let's say
that a user queries on "keynote speech" in the Conversations search
experience but the query is more popular in the Videos search experience. In
that case, you could configure an action that also displays results from the
Videos result source in a separate result block. For more information, see the
following resources:
·
Transformieren von Abfragen mit
Abfrageregeln in Übersicht über
Abfrageverarbeitung in SharePoint 2013
When you create a query rule, on the Manage Query Rules page you specify
a result source to which the rule will apply. Then on the Add/Edit Query Rule
page, in the Contextsection, you can
add or remove result sources to which the rule will apply. When a query is
submitted to any result source other than those that you set as applicable, the
rule cannot fire. For example, if you create a query rule that you want to fire
only for people searches, you would specify "Local People Results" as
the result source to which the rule applies.
Narrowing
search results by using a query transform
You can configure the search system so that it interprets the intent of
user queries and then modifies queries accordingly to provide more targeted
search results. One way to do this is to use the Query Transform section that is part of the
definition of each result source. For example, to provide a Videos search
experience, in the result source you could configure a query transform to specify
a SharePoint site from which to get search results for video queries.
You can also modify queries in the Web Part that issues a query, and in
query rules. A user query is transformed first by any modifications that were
configured in the Web Part, then by any query rules that fire, and finally by
the query transform in the result source for the query. The query rules and
result sources can take the modified query as input and modify the query again.
However, the modifications made to a query by a result source cannot be
modified further, because the query transform in a result source modifies the
query last. For more information, see Übersicht über
Abfrageverarbeitung in SharePoint 2013.
Each pre-configured result source uses a query transform and thus
provides an example of how you can use a query transform to narrow search
results. On the Manage Result Sources page, you can click each result source to
see how it uses a query transform. For example, you can click the
pre-configured "Local People Results" result source to see that it
uses the following query transform to provide people-related results from the
profile database:
{?{searchTerms} ContentClass=urn:content-class:SPSPeople}
For more information, see Building search queries in
SharePoint 2013 (http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/jj163973.aspx).
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